Tag: Shaft Seals

Shaft Seals

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The two most common systems are:The stuffing box – the conventional shaft seal – is, due to its intense maintenance requirements, only rarely used for building services application and then mostly in conjunction with flexibly coupled baseplate pumps. Their use with Inline pumps is restricted to some special design versions.Specific operating conditions require distinctly different types of glanded seals. They are subject to constant observation and maintenance adjustments. Proper lubrication of the gland packing requires a certain leak-age rate which at average working pressures/temperatures and normal water quality amounts to a mean rate of 10 drops per minute. Special manufacturers’ recommendations are to be observed individually. Service life expectancy is between 1 and 2 years, this can sometimes extend to several years on favourable operating conditions. Extremely bad water conditions (sediments, additives, overheating) can however drastically cut short their service life.Glanded seals should preferentially be used in conjunction with shaft sleeves in order to avoid damage to the shaft by aggressive fluids or due to inproper treatment of the glanded packing respectively.The maintenance-free mechanical seal has virtually become standard equipment for glanded pumps in building services and many other applications.They operate without any visible water leakage and do not require any maintenance whatsover during their service life, which runs between 1 and 2 years, maximum 3 years. However, extremely bad water (sedi-ments, use of additives, overheating) can also severely shorten their service life. In such cases it is advis-able to check their suitability or the necessity for special designs with the seal manufacturers.The following mechanical seal configurations have proved to be the most suitable for building services:
  • bi-directional function
  • flexible shaft attachment by means of an elastomeric bellows (automatic compensation of seal seat wear by means of the integrated spring)
  • hard/soft material combination (ceramics or hardened metal to carbon) offering optimum lubricating qualities
  • attachment to a bronze or stainless steel shaft sleeve.
Note: Packed gland and mechanical seals are parts, subject to wear. Dry running is not admissible, as it will lead to the destruction of the seals.

Glanded Pump

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DesignThe uniform feature of glanded pumps is the separation between the pumped fluid and theirst drive motor. The connection between the impeller in the pump body and the motor is made by either a common shaft or by coupled shaft parts. The rotating motor component remains dry (thus the term Dry-Motor Pump). The rotor support by means of roller bearings requires separate lubrication. The pumps are normally driven by IEC-standards electric motors but also by special design motors up to explosion-protected versions.Pump types / function Glanded pumps are of two distinctly different designs:
  • Monobloc Glanded Centrifugal Pumps
  • DIN-Standards Centrifugal End-Suction Pumps
Glanded pumps are louder than glandless pumps. The noise is caused by the roller bearing (ball bearing or needle bearing) and the fan wheel of the surface-cooled electric motor. The noise of the pump itself – flow noise, bearing noise – is completely negligible, unless unusual operating situations occur (cavitation, etc.).

DIN-Standards Centrifugal End-Suction Pump

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They are mainly used in installations requiring large flow rates, abnormally high working pressures (cast steel, S.G.iron) or special temperatures or pressures respectively. Their installation requires heavy foundations and extensive piping configurations. The high flow velocities within the pump body and the pump ports often require special noise attenuation measures.The following diagram depicts a sectional view of a flexibly-coupled end-suctionpump without motor, coupling and baseplate. 

Monobloc / Inline Centrifugal Pump

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The pumps can be directly pipe mounted or, if necessary, be separately supported by foundations or brackets.The high continuous temperature rating (up to 140°C) and the vibration-free operation on account of respectively shaped pump housings, impellers and drive motors are the decisive design features of this, especially for building services developed pump design. Low flow velocities through the housing as well at the pump ports make special noise attenuating measures (flexible connections) superfluous.